In recent years, under the requirements of national safety and environmental protection standards, the problem of oilfield sewage is usually solved by the boiler after treatment. On the one hand, it solves the problem of sewage discharge from oilfields, and on the other hand, saves water resources. However, due to various reasons, the sewage recycling boiler process has serious scales in sewage treatment systems and pipelines, boilers, oil pumps and other facilities. On the basis of the problem of scale formation in oilfield, this paper firstly introduces the development status of scale prediction model, including the combination of network neural principle, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy analysis and other numerical analysis methods using MATLAB and other tools to fit the prediction model. In practical application, these prediction models have achieved higher precision values; then the latest research results of the methods of scale prevention and control in oilfields are introduced, including the addition of anti-scaling agent and anti-scaling agent. Second, the injected water itself is modified to solve the problem of incompatibility with the formation water, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the scaling of oilfields.